How to start an informative essay「寫作解疑」
How to start an informative essay？As the name suggests, informative paper is written by students to enlighten audiences about events, or phenomena. Authors assume that readers lack knowledge of subject, so they should explain it to them. For example, when writing about gun control, students must inform reader about what gun control implies, its societal significance, global trends, benefits, and risks.This article provides you with relevant writing informative essay tips, steps and examples for your reference.
一．how to start an informative essay
Writing an informative essay is not very simple. One should perform several steps before sitting and writing an actual paper. Here are some tips that you should consider
1.Select narrow topics
Broad themes like insecurity, sports, clouds, music, forests or love are unsuitable. Students should choose manageable topics which they can discuss conclusively in few pages. Good informative essays must display professionalism. The author should tell the audience more than what they already know. If student is familiar with sports, theme like “Causes of injuries during physical exercises” would appropriate option.
2.Information availability
After you decide on your issue, surf the Internet to check if there are reliable and available sources. You should lean towards peer-reviewed articles, websites of official organizations and books. Avoid materials that have no author or date when they were published. Wikipedia is also not a reliable source.
在你決定了你的問題后，上網看看是否有可靠和可用的資源。你應該傾向于閱讀同行評議的文章、官方組織的網站和書籍。避免使用沒有作者或出版日期的材料。維基百科也不是一個可靠的來源。
3.Research
Nobody knows everything. Reading articles written by other authors open students’ insight. But research is not limited to written literature. Certain subjects require authors to conduct interviews or perform laboratory experiments for scientific research.
4.Brainstorming
often conducted by individuals or in groups help writers generate ideas. For individual brainstorming, first step is defining goals. Writers should note different perspectives subject matters, note challenges, and state objectives. Osborn states that during brainstorming writers should not judge ideas, allow wide array of ideas, expound on existing ideas, encourage unconventional ideas.
5.Mind mapping is a common organization tool
Unwritten ideas quickly vanish, so maps allow writers to visually arrange random ideas by collecting similar ideas into clusters. Writers also weigh idea strength, arranging them from most relevant to most irrelevant. Designing maps is left to writer's discretion. However, until writer is out of ideas is advisable. Nevertheless, authors can add new info they come across.
不成文的想法很快就會消失，所以地圖允許作者通過將相似的想法聚集在一起來視覺上安排隨機的想法。作家們也會權衡觀點的力量，把它們從最相關到最不相關排列起來。設計地圖則由作者自行決定。然而，直到作者的想法是可取的。然而，作者可以添加他們遇到的新信息。
6.Review instructions
Lecturers may have preferences on topics, writing styles, essay length, font style, and size. Good students review instructions issued for every paper even when they believe they know requirements. Learn all the details before writing and follow all the comments from your professor. Also, don’t hesitate to ask for help or pieces of advice.
7.Create an outline
Outlines provide a map of where to go with an essay. They display preliminary title, thesis statement, main points, as well as supporting points. Most universities in the USA require students to submit outlines to prove adequate preparation before starting the essay.
8Drafts and editing
Professors may demand that students submit various drafts before delivering final essay. After every draft, lecturers write their comments, return papers to student for correction. Revision involves taking into account the professor’s comments and editing the paper for spelling mistakes, wordiness, comma misuse, and run-off sentences. Grammarly, Ginger, and Microsoft Office grammar checker are some useful tools for revision.
二．what is the structure of informative essay
All essay types share the same logic when it comes to outlining. Therefore, your informative essay structure must contain the following elements:
1.Introduction
Essays share some introduction features. Informative one is no exception: your introduction must contain a hook, background facts, a thesis statement, and the transition sentence.
What is an essay hook? It is a couple of the very first sentences of your essay introduction that spark your readers’ interest. You can include some eye-opening statistics and add some wordplay. After that, you may want to add background information that will evolve into the thesis statement.
什么是文章掛鉤?你的文章開頭的幾句話會引起讀者的興趣。您可以包括一些令人大開眼界的統計數據，并添加一些文字游戲。在這之后，你可能想要添加背景信息，這將演變成論文陳述。
2.Thesis Statement
A thesis statement is the main topic your essay will revolve around. A good rule of thumb is to narrow down your thesis statement so that you can fit into the required word count without compromising your research quality. After writing a thesis statement, you need to include a logical transition to your essay body.
3.Body
You will describe your topic in the essay body. Usually, it will contain several paragraphs, depending on your topic complexity and the required word count. The crucial point is to follow the sequence of events and make logical transitions between the essay parts. Consequently, each body paragraph must contain:
你要在文章主體部分描述你的主題。通常，它會包含幾個段落，這取決于你的主題的復雜性和所需的字數。關鍵是要遵循事件的順序，在文章的各個部分之間進行邏輯轉換。因此，每一正文段必須載有:
A topic sentence that explains the paragraph’s main point and connects it to the previous one.
Information: facts, statistics, and thesis-supporting evidence.
Mini-conclusion. Summarize your paragraph and add a transition to the next one.
Repeat this pattern while writing each body paragraph to make your essay sound clear and logical.
4.Conclusion
An informative essay conclusion contains the following elements:
The restated thesis statement.
A summary of body paragraphs.
The final word.
三．student informative essay examples
Prompt:The informative essay follows a basic essay structure and usually consists of an introduction, body paragraphs (number of them is not limited) and conclusion. Here is a more detailed description of each structural part:
Introduction
How to start an informative essay? First paragraph should briefly describe the subject to your readers. Good introduction provides background information about the topic, notifies to audience its importance. Common way of starting an introductory paragraph is by questions such as, “Have you ever experienced fever after vigorous workout? The condition is known as Exertional Heat Illness (EHI).
如何開始一篇信息量大的文章?第一段應該向你的讀者簡要描述主題。好的介紹可以提供主題的背景信息，向聽眾說明主題的重要性。開場白的常見方式是這樣問:“你劇烈運動后發燒過嗎?”這種情況被稱為運動熱病(EHI)。
Approximately 68% of professional athletes experience EHI on daily basis”. Alternatively, one may start with interesting statements like, “People often complain about the fever that appears after vigorous exercise. Medically, this is EHI.” Generally, professors in most universities in the USA recommend approximately 7 sentence introduction.
Thesis
Every introduction should finish with the thesis statement. It describes the paper’s scope in one or two sentences and summarizes the main points of an essay. After selecting topics, students must think of the thesis. However, while writing, some new ideas often emerge. Consequently, one can adjust thesis statements after finishing the paper to reflect them.
Thesis statements tell more about an author and paper. For instance, their understanding of an issue, the ability to present ideas through an informative essay, and to retain focus on the main problem. Most students find formulating thesis or finding a good topic challenging, so Edubirdie writing help is very useful.
Body
Body section is the main part. Writers express all their ideas in body segment. It contains several paragraphs depending on essay's length. Each paragraph contains a unique idea and must follow a logical sequence. Lengthy papers require students to split the body into subtitles with at least two paragraphs. The main criteria to be followed for the argumentation are sequence, chronology, and contrast. According to these principles, you can form a comprehensive and effective body of your essay.
主體部分為主體部分。作家的所有思想都是通過肢體來表達的。它包含幾個段落，這取決于文章的長度。每一段都包含一個獨特的觀點，必須遵循邏輯順序。冗長的論文要求學生將正文分成至少兩段的字幕。論證的主要標準是順序、時間順序和對比。根據這些原則，你可以形成一個全面和有效的主體你的文章。
Good body paragraphs are cohesive. Paragraphs should anchor to their predecessors. Transitional enable writers to achieve cohesion. Words and phrases like ‘in addition’, ‘similarly’, and ‘likewise’ introduce supporting ideas, while ‘but’, ‘however', ‘on the contrary', ‘on the other hand', and ‘nevertheless' introduce contrasting opinions. ‘To conclude’, ‘in closing’, and ‘in summary’ indicate conclusion. Finally, words like ‘first’, ‘secondly’, and ‘thirdly’ indicate sequence. Below is a sample body paragraph:
However, business trips to the Middle East are incomplete without visiting the United Arabs Emirates (UAE). For the last two decades, UAE has risen as a leading business tourism destination in the Eastern hemisphere for three main reasons. First, the country has extremely low crime rate compared to its counterparts. Secondly, traveling from the USA to the UAE is convenient. One can fly directly by either Fly Emirates or Etihad to Dubai or Abu Dhabi. Finally, the country boasts of an established hotel and real estate sector. Hotels and luxury apartments that surpass Western standards. Basically, everything you need is available in the UAE.
Conclusion
Conclusion occupies last paragraph of informative essays. They recap ideas discussed by authors in different words. After finishing a paper, conclusions let students look back and assess if it matches your thesis. If some parts of thesis are not addressed, one must change either content or thesis statement accordingly. Authors also use this area for calling readers into action. However, students should not introduce new points. Below is a sample conclusion:
Clearly, insects are not as useless as portrayed by selfish capitalists. Their role in nature is immense. In their absence, food will become scarce and human would starve. Disputed areas may be insignificant in size, but allowing their destruction would set a dangerous precedent for developers.
Therefore, local authorities must revoke already issued ‘change of land use’ permissions and instead, invite innovative ideas for destroyed parks’ restoration. Future generations must not suffer consequences of current greedy generation.
Informative essay enlightens readers about an object, person or event. Therefore, they must have three objectives. First, explain origins and history of a research problem. Secondly, inform readers of processes involved in the issue. Finally, discuss risks and benefits of an issue using facts and opinions.
信息類文章能使讀者對一個物體、人或事件有所了解。因此，他們必須有三個目標。首先，解釋一個研究問題的起源和歷史。第二，告知讀者問題涉及的過程。最后，用事實和觀點討論一個問題的風險和好處。
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