格里菲斯大學(xué)Griffith University畢業(yè)dissertation：港口之間競爭與合作的預(yù)期成果及重要意義

Expected outcomes and significance

預(yù)期成果和重要意義

 

Through the case studies on Shenzhen port and Hong Kong port, the expected outcomes of the research are focused on the competition and collaboration of these two ports and their significant benefits.

通過深圳港與香港港口的案例研究，預(yù)期的研究成果主要集中在這兩個端口和他們的重大利益的競爭和協(xié)作。

Competition between ports

港口之間的競爭

 

Port competition refers to commercial port rivalries and the competitive efforts of these rivalries make.(Fleming, 1997). Port competition can lead to ports retain their competitive advantages and improve service quality. Additional port will increase the opportunities for additional shipping line calls. The intensive rivalries can attract more shipping lines call in and achieve the economic of scales. Thus, the total cost can be reduced. In addition, through ports competition, the services level of ports can be improved as a consequence. Competition enables port to improve their efficiency and lower down their cost. It is crucial for Hong Kong port and Shenzhen port to develop their respective core competencies through the severe competition. Hence, through comparative analysis of ports competition, these two ports can recognize their market position based on their core competencies, and understand their weaknesses so that make improvement accordingly. 

港口競爭是指對商業(yè)港口的競爭和競爭力的努力，這些競爭使（弗萊明，1997年）。港口競爭可以導(dǎo)致保持他們的競爭優(yōu)勢，并提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量。其他港口將增加額外的運輸線通話的機會。密集競爭，可以吸引更多的航運公司調(diào)用，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟的規(guī)模。因此，總成本可降低。此外，通過港口的競爭，結(jié)果可以改善港口的服務(wù)水平。競爭使港口提高他們的工作效率，并降低其成本。香港港口和深圳口岸發(fā)展各自的核心競爭力，通過激烈的競爭，這是至關(guān)重要的。因此，港口的競爭，通過比較分析，這兩個港口可以識別自己的市場地位的基礎(chǔ)上自己的核心競爭力，并了解自己的弱點，以便做出相應(yīng)的改善。

The significant benefits of ports competition can extend from terminal operators to other participants such as shipping lines and freight forwarders. They can enjoy the lower cost and better service level provided by ports. As a result, shipping lines and freight forwarders can increase their efficiency in their supply chain management. 

港口競爭的重大利益，可以延長從終端運營商，如航運線和貨運代理給其他參與者。他們可以享受更低的成本和更好的服務(wù)水平提供端口。因此，航運公司，貨運代理可以增加他們在他們的供應(yīng)鏈管理效率。

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Collaboration between ports

港口之間的合作

 

Although the developments could lead to severe competition in ports, opportunities are presented for ports to cooperate meanwhile. Through the comparative analysis of Hong Kong ports and Shenzhen ports, it is expected to identify both competitive advantages and weaknesses of these two ports. Thus, based on the results, cooperation can be conducted by making full use of their respective competitive advantages, In addition, it is expected that cooperation between these two ports can complement their weaknesses for sustainable development.  Therefore, these two ports have stronger bargaining power to counter the increasing impact from mergers and acquisition of shipping liners.

盡管發(fā)展可能導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的港口競爭,同時也提出了港口合作的機遇。通過比較分析香港港口和深圳港口,它預(yù)計將確定兩個競爭優(yōu)勢和弱點的這兩個港口。因此,根據(jù)這些結(jié)果,可以進行合作,充分利用各自的競爭優(yōu)勢,此外,預(yù)計這兩個港口之間的合作可以補充自己的弱點為可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,這兩個港口有更強的討價還價的能力來對抗日益影響并購的航運班輪

 

The cooperation between Hong Kong port and Shenzhen can http://ukthesis.org/wl utilize the concept of supply chain collaboration. Cooperation allows ports to share information and leverage their resources and skills. The major benefits of ports cooperation will include the following areas:

香港港口和深圳之間的合作，可以利用供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)作的概念。合作使端口來共享信息，并充分利用自己的資源和技能。港口間的合作的主要好處包括以下幾個方面：

? Enhance the market power for bargaining

增強討價還價的市場力量

Large shipping liners tend to consolidate their role in the market by mergers, take-over and alliances (Ryoo and Thanopoulou, 1999). As a result, they have stronger bargaining power in the market. Ports can enhance their bargaining power by alliance with other ports to counter the challenges from shipping lines.

? Increase throughput because of high quality of service

增加吞吐量，因為高品質(zhì)的服務(wù)

Cooperation allows ports to make use of their core competences to strengthen their core competences. Meanwhile, cooperation can form a complementary relationship between two ports so as to improve their weaknesses. Thus, cooperation has a positive effect on container throughput by providing higher quality of service.  

? Specialization in cargoes handling

貨物處理的專業(yè)化

Through the cooperation, market segmentation can be determined. It is expected that ports can be the specialist in handling certain kind of cargoes with providing professional services, rather than a generalist. Therefore, ports can retain their competitive advantages and achieve economic of scales simultaneously. As a consequence, cost can be saved and higher efficiency can be achieved.#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

 

? Economic growth of the region.

地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟增長。

Due to economic of scale, lower cost and high quality of service, the hub status of ports can be retained and forming a hub-of-spoke relationship with other inland ports. Owing to higher flexibility through ports cooperation, more containers will be transferred by other inland ports. Thus, the economic of the whole region will be stimulated through the high degree of intermodalism.

With the significant benefits through ports cooperation, shipping lines and freight forwarders can work more flexible with professional services. The efficiency will be increased and hence the total cost will be lower as a result.

有了顯著的好處通過港口間的合作，航運公司，貨運代理公司可以更靈活的專業(yè)服務(wù)。的效率將增加，因此，結(jié)果是總成本會較低。

The benefits and positive contribution of this research will be summarized in the following Table.

? Reduce operation cost

? Enhance service quality

? Retain competitive advantage

? Identify weaknesses and try to improve it.
? Enhance bargaining powe in market

? Increase throughput by higher quality of service

? To be specialist and retain competitive advantages

? Reduce cost by high efficiencyShipping Lines Freightforwarders
? Have more option to choose port to use Reduce operation cost      

? High efficiency because of higher service level.
? Higher flexibility to avoid congestion

? Can be provided more professional service in certain products

   Higher efficiency leads to lower cost