個人SWOT法分析自己的職業生涯

Analyze Your Career witha Personal SWOT
通過個人SWOT法分析自己的職業生涯

Want a fresh way to size up the state ofyour career? How about taking a page from the business-school playbook andrunning a SWOT analysis? SWOT, which stands for strengths, weaknesses,opportunities and threats, is a simple yet powerful model MBA students use toanalyze the strategic positions of companies, products or business situations.But you don't need to be an MBA to apply the SWOT technique to your own careerplanning.想用一種新鮮的方式來衡量你的事業水平?何不嘗試商學院教材中慣用的一計—SWOT分析?SWOT,即優勢,劣勢,機會和威脅,是MBA學生用來分析公司戰略、產品或業務狀況的一個簡單而強大的模式。但是你不需要真的去讀MBA，也可以把SWOT分析運用于自己的職業規劃中。

How to Create a SWOT Analysis
如何創建自己的SWOT分析圖表

The model is a basic two-by-two table,with strengthsand weaknesses laidout in the top two boxes and opportunities and threats in the bottom two.You've probably considered your strengths and weaknesses already, but the SWOTmodel takes it a step further by making you think about the external factorsthat bear heavily on the health and direction of your career. These factors --mainly physical location, industry, company and profession -- signal potentialopportunities and threats. Looking at the quadrants together can be a creativeway to think about where you are in your career and the directions you couldtake.此模型是由橫豎各兩格組成的,優點和缺點并列排在頂部兩個模塊中。同時機會和威脅排在底部兩個模塊中。你可能已經考慮過自己的優點和缺點,但SWOT分析更進一步讓你考慮外部因素。但也許很大程度上影響著你的健康和你的職業走向。這些因素（主要是物理上的位置、行業、公司和專業）標志著潛在的機會和威脅。把所有的因素放在一起看，勾勒出的四個象限是一個具有創造性的，可以幫助你思考現有事業所在水平和未來走向的完整模塊。

To get an idea of what you could incorporateinto your own SWOT chart, look at some examples in each category:
哪些因素可以納入自己的SWOT呢,請看以下例證:

Strengths
Strengths are your internal, positiveattributes and selling points. You have some control over these.
Examples include:
·Positivepersonal traits.
·Relevantskills, competencies, knowledge and work experience.
·A solideducation.
·Astrong network.
·Commitment,enthusiasm and passion for your field.
優勢
優點是你內部的,積極的屬性和賣點。你對這些有一定的掌控力。例如：
·積極正面的人生觀
·相關技能，競爭力，學識和工作經歷
·扎實的教育基礎#p#分頁標題#e#
·強大的人脈
·重承諾，對工作的領域飽含熱情和激情

Weaknesses
Weaknesses are your internal negativeattributes. You have some control over these as well. Examples include:
·Negativepersonal characteristics and poor workhabits.
·A lackof work experience or relevant experience.
·A lackof education.
·Nonetwork or a small one.
·A lackof careerdirection orfocus.
·Weakprofessional or career-management skills.
劣勢
劣勢是自身非積極的屬性。你同樣具有一定的把控能力。
·性格中不好的一面和不好的工作習慣
·工作經歷和閱歷尚淺
·受教育程度不高
·沒有人脈或圈子很小
·沒有職業方向或者不夠專注
·專業技能和職業管理技能低下

Opportunities
Opportunities are uncontrollableexternal events that you can potentially leverage. Examples include:
·Favorableindustry trends.
·Abooming economy.
·Aspecific job opening.
·Anupcoming company project.
·Emergingdemand for a new skill or expertise.
·Use ofa new technology.
·Referralto a high-powered contact.
機會
機會是非可控的外部因素，但具有潛在的影響力
·有利的行業發展趨勢。
·蓬勃發展的經濟。
·明確的工作開端。
·即將推出的項目。
·對新技能或專業知識的需求。
·使用一項新技術。
·接觸到行業大佬。

Threats
Threats are uncontrollable externalfactors that may work against you and require you to take protective action. Examples include:
·Industryrestructuring and consolidation.
·Changingmarket requirements and their impact on your employer.
·Changingprofessional standards that you don't meet.
·Reduceddemand for one of your skills.
·Evolvingtechnologies you're unprepared for.
·Theemergence of a competitor, either to your company or to you personally.
·Acompany decision maker who does not like or support you.
威脅
同樣威脅也是不可控的外部因素，這些因素可能阻礙工作甚至要求你對此采取一些保護自己的措施。
例如：
·行業重組與整合。
·變化的市場需求及其對雇主的影響。
·對專業技能的需求有所提高，而你并未達到新的行業需求。
·減少對你現有技能的需求。
·不斷發展的技術使你措手不及。
·競爭對手的出現，可能來自你的公司或你本人。
·公司新的決策者，可能不喜歡或不支持你。

An external factor can sometimes be botha threat and an opportunity. For example, the emergence of a programminglanguage that replaces one you know is a threat if you do nothing about it andan opportunity if you commit to becoming one of the early experts.#p#分頁標題#e#
外部因素可能既是威脅也是機遇。例如，用一種新編程語言來替換現有的。如果你對新的語言一無所知，那么就會對你產生威脅。換言之，如果你早對該項技術了如指掌，那么你的機會就來了。

Do Your Own SWOT Analysis
勾勒自己的SWOT分析圖表

1.Draw a two-by-two grid on a sheet ofpaper, or create one in a word-processing program.
2. In each quadrant, write out ideas inbullet-point form. Be as specific as possible.
3. Stretch to come up with trueinsights. Take a break if you have to, and revisit your analysis when you'refresh. You can even show your SWOT to a few close contacts to get their views.
4. Edit. Delete repetitive ideas, andsharpen less specific ones.
5. Analyze what it all means. Use thetool to:
·Validateyour current position.
·Understandthe skills, attributes and experiences you should emphasize and the ones youshould downplay.
·Brainstormpossible career directions.
·Highlightopportunities to take advantage of.
·Flagpossible threats.
6. Determine possible actions. There arefour types of actions you could take:
·Strengtheninga specific skill or adding something to your strengths quadrant.
·Minimizingor eliminating a weakness.
·Pursuingor exploiting an opportunity.
·Protectingyourself from threats.

Revisit and update your SWOT chartperiodically to add a level of sophistication and effectiveness to your careerplanning.

1，在紙上畫一個兩兩分的表格，或創建一個文字處理程序。
2，在每個象限，列舉每一點，越具體越好。
3，一定要實事求是。如果需要，可以休息一下，之后繼續開始。如果有必要，你還可以把勾勒出的初稿拿給身邊親近的人，尋求他們的意見和建議。
4，編輯，刪除重復的理念，精簡不太具體的。
5，分析一下這一切意味著什么。并把他們運用到以下幾點：
·驗證您的當前位置。
·了解自己掌握的技能，具備的屬性和經驗，并無限擴大他們同時淡化那些沒什么用的。
·頭腦風暴可能的職業走向。
·著重突出可能有的機會，好好把握。
·標出可能的威脅。
6，確定可能采取的行動可以通過以下四點：
·強化特有的技能或發揮更多的強項。
·最大限度地減小或弱化自己的弱點。
·追求或利用可能的機會。
·在可能的威脅中保護自己。

重溫并定期更新一下自己的SWOT分析圖表，并在此基礎上令自己的職業規劃更深化和有效。