關(guān)于凱特米德爾頓和威廉王子婚禮的爭議的問題 Controversial issues about the wedding of Kate Middleton and Prince William

1.0 Introduction  引言
 

The essay will give an analysis on the role of Power, Spectacle and Memory in the royal wedding, supported.by the references and sources cited. Based on the theoretical framework of communication and mass media, dealing with this issue is through different dimensions to analyze it. As we all know, the Kate Middleton’ question is an eye- catching issue because of it belonging to royal family’s affairs, so it has become controversial issue in the discussion of all the questions. Although we do not know the real incident, the information we get from different transmission channel. Therefore, it is worthy of making a research of how media have a great effect on communication by the factor- power, spectacle and memory. The first part will present the introduction about the source and significance of the topic as well as the structure of the paper. The second part mainly discusses the theories about communication and culture, and theoretical basis of related theories about power, memory and spectacle. The third part is to analyse the example above to implement the theories into the case, and explain how different factors to apply into the example and how it is informed by different dimensions. The last part is to draw a conclusion of the whole paper and some suggestion in the future. This paper involves in different domain including psychology, media, culture, linguistics and society. So the topic is more complex in analysing the reasons and approaches to reach the same effects and has become the most controversial topic in people’s eyes. So this topic is much worthy.

本文章將給出一個關(guān)于力量，場面和記憶力在皇室婚禮中的作用的分析，基于參考文獻和引用資源。基于通信和大眾傳媒的理論框架，解決這一問題是通過不同的維度來分析它。正如我們都知道，凱特·米德爾頓'問題是一個醒目的問題，因為它屬于王室的事務，所以它在所有問題的討論成為有爭議的問題。雖然我們不知道真正的事件中，我們的信息從不同的傳輸信道獲取。因此，這是值得做的媒體怎么也得由因數(shù)功率，眼鏡和內(nèi)存上的溝通有很大影響的研究。第一部分將介紹有關(guān)源和選題意義，以及dissertation的結(jié)構(gòu)介紹。第二部分主要討論了有關(guān)傳播與文化，以及有關(guān)能力，內(nèi)存和眼鏡相關(guān)理論的理論基礎(chǔ)的理論。第三部分是分析上面的例子中實現(xiàn)理論到案例，并解釋如何不同的因素應用到示例以及它是如何通過不同的維度知情。最后一部分是繪制整個dissertation的結(jié)論，在未來的一些建議。本文涉及到不同的領(lǐng)域，包括心理學，傳媒，文化，語言和社會。這樣的話題是在分析原因更加復雜和辦法，以達到相同的效果，并已成為人們的眼里是最有爭議的話題。所以這個話題是非常有價值的。#p#分頁標題#e#
 

2.0 Theories about communication and culture, power, memory and spectacle  交流和文化，影響力，記憶和表演的理論
 

"Culture" stands for a complicated system of folklore, language, knowledge, rituals and living habits, religions that provides the common identity for people at a specific place and at a specific time. When talking about communication and culture, the total spectrum of communication should be paid attention to, which include language, non-verbal communication, customs and perceived values, concepts of time as well as space. Even though two people share the same language might have very different values and customs. Communication and culture have complex and close relationship with each other, most important of all, culture are made from communications, which means that communication is the method of human interaction by which cultural characteristics are shared. The saying that individuals started out to create a culture when interacting with each other is not comprehensive, however, cultures are by-products of communication in society. As a result, without the help of communication and the media of communication, there would be little chance that people can preserve culture and pass them on from one generation to another. To be exact, culture is made possible through communication. And communication has been influenced a lot by cultural characteristics. No matter with what culture, the common truth is that communication reshapes culture and culture also reshapes communication. One defined theory of communication theory is communication accommodation theory. Communication Accommodation Theory has been defined as the theoretical view of examining the underlying motivations and results of what occurs when two people are changing their styles of communication. Theorists of communication accommodation are for the point that through communication, people are able to find ways of accommodating or adjusting to completely new lifestyles.

“文化”代表民間傳說的一個復雜的系統(tǒng)，語言，知識，禮儀和生活習慣，宗教信仰，它為人們共同的身份在特定的地點和特定的時間。在談到傳播與文化，通信頻 譜應該引起注意，其中包括語言，非語言交流，風俗習慣和感知價值，時間的概念，以及空間。即使兩個人共享相同的語言可能有非常不同的價值觀和習俗。傳播與 文化有相互搭配，最重要的是復雜而密切的關(guān)系，文化是由通信制成，這意味著溝通是人際交往的方法，通過它的文化特征是共享的。有一種說法，個人開始了創(chuàng)造 一種文化，當與對方的互動是不全面的，然而，文化是社會溝通的副產(chǎn)品。其結(jié)果是，沒有溝通和交流的媒體的幫助，就不會有很大的機會，人們可以保存文化和從 一代傳遞他們到另一個。準確的說，文化是通過溝通成為可能。通信已經(jīng)影響了很多文化特色。不管什么文化，共同的事實是，通信重塑文化和文化也重塑溝通。一 個定義的通信理論是傳播適應理論。通信理論住宿已被定義為研究基礎(chǔ)和動機時，兩個人正在改變他們的溝通風格會發(fā)生什么結(jié)果的理論觀點。通信的理論家到如此 地步，通過溝通，人們都能夠找到適應全新的生活方式的途徑。#p#分頁標題#e#
 

Spectacle is what is exhibited to display, which could be any of unusual and worthy of particular notice, a distinguished scenery and alike. Spectacle is much more than a collection of different images, instead, images mediated the social relationship between people. Something that can be seen especially a piece of impressive natural scenery, a performance or exhibition on a large scale and a some sorts of very bad behaviours. The word of spectacle conjures images of luxury exhibition and performance as well as images of negativeness such as violence and atrocity.

 

Next, power means the ability or capacity to act, which is considered to be potential and eternal, meanwhile, power may refer to the faculty of executing something. The power of influence by the media can affect the development of new stories. For example, the British expects Taylor Documentary was influenced by press media on the British team's fortunes at the cost of 17 billion francs. The face of being remembered or remembrance which are dedicated to the parents' memories.

 

Third, memory is the people who keep the knowledge of thoughts in the previous period, and memory helps increase the positiveness with which one person is able to remember and the confidence to recall the past things. Besides, memory includes social memory, collective memory and external memory. The face of being remembered or remembrance which are dedicated to the parents' memories.

 

3.0 Analysis of the controversial problems  有爭議問題的分析
 

3.1 The controversial issues about the wedding

Countries which have the Queen to be the leader of nation seem to be paying less attention than the United States did, which had a long and difficult time in fighting against the monarchy. It is believed by some observers that the main difference lies in the different meaning of the royal wedding to different people, for common wealth people, the royal wedding is no more than a offshoot of politics, while for the British, it means tax money at their work, for other countries such as the U.S., it is equal to an entertainment spectacle for the whole country at ease with celebrities and unearned wealth.

 

The issue of protocol in the wedding is caused by the controversy concerning about inviting royals from remote and poor democratic countries in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. The issue created just expected controversy that it should have. According to the protocol, they are supposed to be invited, however, there will be a lot of controversy following inviting those people, which might be not worth. According to Peter Carty, the problem is just an issue of protocol. And the organizers of the wedding is in a dilemma, if the organizers of the royal wedding didn't invite leaders of state from not democratic countries, there would be rarely any leaders at the wedding.#p#分頁標題#e#

 

The tainting of the royal family, the scandals, corruptions which have influenced the system for many years. According to some people, the royal family don't always keep their good name, their members are not too smart and Duke of York has caused controversy that he is not a very intelligent individual who was attached to the scandals was in his poor choice of his business. Greed is also noticed, they are somehow with the best education possible persons while they are not bright individuals.

 

As is known, Kate comes from a normal middle class and working class family, who have buried their life in living for their own money, building up their own business. However, Kate Middleton is not the only person to be upward social mobility, and survey shows every seven in ten Brits are identified as middle class. Royal wedding did cause some controversy over the background and upbringing of Kate. However, Kate's parents are multi-millionaires, who set up their company and provided mail-order services. However, it is still under debate that wedding between royal family and middle class family brings more advantages or disadvantages. And because of the special royal family, Kate is supposed to breed, and this is her obligation.

 

3.2 The effects of Power, Spectacle and memory

Power

Power means the ability or capacity to act, which is considered to be potential and eternal, meanwhile, power may refer to the faculty of executing something. The power of influence by the media can affect the development of new stories. For example, the British expects Taylor Documentary was influenced by press media on the British team's fortunes at the cost of 17 billion francs. The face of being remembered or remembrance which are dedicated to the parents' memories. Media power is basically symbolic and persuading, in a way, media power has the potential of having a control over the minds viewers or readers to some extent. However, the influence is not direct to people's action, the ultimate purpose of the practicing of power. In following aspects such as knowledge, intentions, beliefs and plans are influenced, besides, under the condition of other sources of information, mind control through media could not be complete. Oppositely, some psychological and sociological evidences have suggested that in spite of commonly-found media power, the viewers and readers will usually keep a minimum degree of independence in the process of the practice of power. Audiences accept the news reports as true opinions, and the journalistic opinions are thought to be legitimate and absolutely correct, as a result, the media to a large degree lead the direction of common perspectives. In many circumstances, the media power, together with social power, is claimed to be an abuse of power, since there exist various forms and types of the illegitimate and some irrational practice of power. Wrong standards and values or norms are supposed to be set up, while the audience are changed to become what might not be their best interest. (Altschull, J.H. ,1984)#p#分頁標題#e#

 

According guardian news, (Plunkett, 2011) on April 29th, it was too early for official TV while early statics showed that the audience might exceed twenty-eight million tuning in for the Diana royal wedding in 1981. It has been reported that in a period of twenty-four hours, in social media there were 2.7 million mentions of the wedding of the royal family, the vast majority of 97.2 percent on Twitter. Just reflecting upon what the situation will turn to be without the existence of the power of media. People have been debating on the design of Kate's dress, the dress-up of the prince or the royal people invited, which is a result of the power of social media, and through which people can fine more comprehensive videos of the wedding ceremony.