淺談英美文學(xué)教學(xué)與跨文化意識的培養(yǎng)On the cultivation of English and American Literature Teaching and cross cultural a
dissertation摘要：在世界多極化和經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢日益明顯的新形勢下，注重跨文化意識的培養(yǎng)顯得尤為重要。本文從英美文學(xué)教學(xué)的角度出發(fā)，探討了通過英美文學(xué)教學(xué)培養(yǎng)跨文化意識的重要性，培養(yǎng)跨文化意識應(yīng)遵循的原則以及利用英美文學(xué)培養(yǎng)跨文化意識的教學(xué)思路。
Abstract: in the new situation of world multi polarization and economic globalization is increasingly obvious, pay attention to cultivate cross-cultural awareness is particularly important. This article from the English and American literature teaching point of view, discusses the importance of cultivating intercultural awareness in the teaching of English and American literature, the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness should follow the principles of British and American literature and the cultivation of cross cultural awareness in teaching ideas.
隨著國際經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、政治等領(lǐng)域發(fā)展步伐的加快，交流日益頻繁，世界多極化和經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢日益明顯，國際交往合作更加頻繁，國際交流也越來越廣泛，多種文化相互交匯碰撞、交流融合，在這種環(huán)境下，如果不了解英美國家的風(fēng)俗文化、行為習(xí)慣、思想觀念和價(jià)值取向，不同文化間就會產(chǎn)生誤解甚至沖突，影響交際的順利進(jìn)行。由此，外語教學(xué)中，關(guān)注目標(biāo)語文化，提高跨文化意識，注重跨文化交際能力的培養(yǎng)就顯得尤為的重要。“跨文化意識”是指外語學(xué)習(xí)者對于其所學(xué)習(xí)的目的語文化具有較好的知識掌握和較強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)能力與交際能力，能像目的語本族人的思維一樣來思考問題并作出反映，以及進(jìn)行各種交往活動。具有“跨文化意識”的外語學(xué)習(xí)者能自覺地消除在與目的語本族人進(jìn)行交往時(shí)可能碰到的各種障礙，以保證整個(gè)交往過程的有效性。外語教學(xué)不僅僅是語言知識的學(xué)習(xí)，語言是文化的載體，又是文化的一部分，外語教學(xué)的目的是提高學(xué)生的跨文化交際能力，包括文化知識和文化意識。文學(xué)又是文化的一種特殊表現(xiàn)形式，始終與文化相伴相生。因此，通過英美文學(xué)認(rèn)識英美文化、培養(yǎng)跨文化意識是一種有效的教學(xué)途徑。
With the pace of development of international economic, cultural, political and other areas to speed up, exchanges become more frequent, the world multi polarization and economic globalization trend is more and more obvious, more frequent international exchanges and cooperation, international communication is becoming more and more extensive, multi culture collision, exchange cross fusion, in this environment, if you do not understand the British and American customs culture, habits, ideas and values, different cultures can cause misunderstanding or even conflict, affect the smooth communication. Thus, foreign language teaching, pay attention to the target culture, improve cultural consciousness, cultivate the ability of cross culture communication is particularly important. "Cultural consciousness" refers to the learners who have better knowledge and strong ability to adapt and communicative competence for the purpose of learning language and culture, as the target of the Serbs thinking as to think and to reflect, as well as a variety of activities. With the "cultural consciousness" of the foreign language learners can consciously remove barriers might encounter in the target language and native speakers interact, to ensure the validity of the whole communication process. Foreign language teaching is not only the learning of language knowledge, language is the carrier of culture, is a part of culture, foreign language teaching is to improve students' intercultural communicative competence, including cultural knowledge and culture awareness. Literature is a special form of culture, and culture has always been accompanied. Therefore, through the Anglo American literature understanding Anglo American culture, the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness is an effective teaching approach.#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#
一、英美文學(xué)教學(xué)是培養(yǎng)跨文化意識的有效途徑
1,British and American literature teaching is an effective way to the cultivation of cross cultural awareness
Firstly, literature is an important form of an important carrier of culture and national personality. Literary works are included in the cultural knowledge, knowledge of literature and philosophy, the humanities, has the aesthetic value is the epitome of a nation's social culture, is the students understand the English national political, economic, social life, ideology, cultural factors such as local customs and practices the most vivid, the most abundant, the most direct material. The British and American literature understanding Anglo American culture and national character is a kind of cross-cultural communication level cultural cognition and culture based on approved, its center of gravity is broaden their cultural vision and improve ideological territory, comprehensive quality, training the consciousness and ability of cross culture communication. Literature is the cultivation of students' cultural awareness, improve the important source of culture, the ancient Greek myth, in Rome, the Christian "Bible" to understand the story and characters of allusion, familiar with some of the myths and legends of the gods, can broaden the knowledge, broaden their horizons, is conducive to the learning of cultural factors in language accumulation.
Secondly, literature is an important way to improve the cultural literacy and language learning. Language is inseparable from culture, literature is an art of language, but also is the art of language, students are to learn and imitate the ideal language and cultural material. The specific culture is often left a deep imprint in the language, in the process of language learning, students have a precise understanding and grasp of the language, but also on the two kinds of culture, especially the knowledge and understanding of overall differences between the two cultures. Western literature reflects and represents the essence of western culture, the outstanding literary works is a valuable spiritual wealth, it is also the language inexhaustible, inexhaustible. The new "English Teaching Syllabus for English Majors" clear, literature course undertakes to improve students' English level, the dual responsibilities to cultivate students' aesthetic taste and cultural awareness.
Once again, the vivid and popular literature is beneficial to arouse the students' interest and curiosity. "Literature is the most beautiful language, if we want to learn and get the most beautiful language, we must learn literature." (Li Funing language) language charm in the literary works in the most fully reflected, because literature is an art of language, which is based on the language as carrier. Learning English and American literature, not only can accept work plot at the same time, grasp this tool of language, literature in intercultural permeation awareness can stimulate students' interest, stimulate the curiosity of students. Therefore, in language teaching and learning, we should pay attention to cultural factors influence and role, extensive reading good literature, understanding of the western philosophy, history, geography, local customs and practices and social customs.#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#
2, the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness should follow the principle
Cultivation of students' intercultural awareness should follow the following principles in the process of foreign language teaching, namely, practical principles, stage principle, the communicative principle.
The utility principle requires the teachers provide language materials, language content of cultural content and English students guide people learn are closely related, and vivid prominent language, the authenticity of the scene, the life of the materials, the cultivation of students' emotion, arouse the curiosity of the students, cultivate students' understanding and love for his nation in his national culture, understanding and respect, so that the formation of cross culture and rational attitude.
The stage the principle of cultural content should follow the principle of gradual, fully consider the students' language level, cognitive ability and psychological state, according to the students language development and ability to accept, by shallow deep, from the outside to the inside of progressive education, let the students to fully understand the nature of the cultural content. From the beginning of the English speaking countries people's daily life, gradually more involved in their cultural background, history, geography, and even deeper into the attitude of life, moral values.
