工商管理Essay范文模板：E-Supply Chain Management

本文是工商管理專業的Essay范例，題目是“E-Supply Chain Management（E-Supply鏈管理）”，如今，供應鏈管理已經成為一個非常重要的概念。這一概念不再局限于購買產品的操作或活動，它已改進到有一個戰略的觀點，其中涉及客戶服務管理和行業關系。信息技術在重新設計整個業務流程中起著至關重要的作用，可以幫助提高生產率和運營。因此，在供應鏈過程中使用信息技術在企業界變得非常重要。技術信息在供應鏈中的實施，促進了對其客戶、供應商和市場需求的了解和發展。

Supply chain management has become a really important concept nowadays. This concept is no longer delimitated by the operations or the activities of purchasing products, it has improved to having a strategic view in which involves the customer service management and the industrial relationship. The information technology has a vital part in redesigning the whole business process and can help to increase the productivity and operations. So, the use of Information technology in the supply chain process is getting really important in the corporate world. The implementation of information of technology in the Supply Chain facilitates the development and getting the knowledge about their customers, suppliers and the market demand.

There are some initiatives in the structure of Information of technology that can help reduce the time cycle and more procedures related to this. The distribution of information in the supply chain associates are possible by the Information of technology initiatives like:

Having an integrated system as Enterprise Resources Planning, most commonly known as ERP can allow you to have the lead of an overview of the whole logistic channel. This is basically the existence of a database all over the supply chain. Enterprise Resource Planning systems have the ability to combine all the different functions like production, logistic, sales, HR, accounting, etc.

擁有一個集成的系統，如企業資源計劃，通常被稱為ERP，可以讓你對整個物流渠道有一個全面的了解。這基本上是一個遍布整個供應鏈的數據庫的存在。企業資源規劃系統有能力結合所有不同的功能，如生產，物流，銷售，人力資源，會計等。

Today technology is so advanced that Information of technology helps creating a strong supply chain in so many different ways. For example, one-way can be with the advanced equipment in the supply chain they can have the chance to build up the speed, quality and quantity of the information that can be transferred. If you stimulate the speed of information gathering and exchange, the information of technology can assure the opportunity to find important information for everyone who is involved. Another way in which the use of advanced information of technology in their supply chain can get an improved coordination and lower the transaction cost among the people who are involve. One example of this can be the way in which Dell′s supply chain is recognized for their capacity to make a great coordinating between different parties in an efficient way for the just-in-time assembly of their very own customized computers.

One more way of having an advanced supply chain is the improvement of interfirm integration among channel partners. Having technology can allow an integration on the supply chain in a upstream and also downstream integration in different areas like inventory, demand forecasting and the scheduling of the orders. This can be seen as an integrated flow of information among customers and provisioner to help balanced the supply and demand across the whole supply chain network. Another way in which this helps is that having a working supply chain allows you to have a great capacity to respond the changes in the market and also the customer request in short time. (Barros et al., 2015)

擁有先進供應鏈的另一種方式是改善渠道合作伙伴之間的企業間整合。擁有技術可以實現上游供應鏈的整合，也可以實現下游不同領域的整合，如庫存、需求預測和訂單調度。這可以被看作是客戶和供應商之間的集成信息流，以幫助平衡整個供應鏈網絡的供應和需求。另一種幫助的方式是，有一個工作的供應鏈，讓你有一個巨大的能力，在短時間內響應市場的變化和客戶的要求。(Barros et al.， 2015)

Hasan Kür?at GüLE? said in his article back in 2012 that Information of Technoogy is an implementation which importance is increasingly becoming important in the collection, procession, preservation and transmission of data. Thus, IT is also an effective means for businesses as it offers businesses new ways to perform better than their rivals and gain competitive edge. (Hasan Kür?at Gü et al., 2012). They also said that one of the most important things of information of technology applications in the supply chain is the process of making the plans and finding the right tools of optimization that can help to enable the visibility.

Hasan Kür?at GüLE?在2012年的一篇文章中說，技術信息是一種實現，它在數據的收集、處理、保存和傳輸中越來越重要。因此，IT對企業來說也是一種有效的手段，因為它為企業提供了比競爭對手更好的表現和獲得競爭優勢的新方法。(哈桑Kür?at Gü等人，2012)。他們還表示，在供應鏈中技術應用的信息最重要的事情之一是制定計劃的過程，并找到合適的優化工具，以幫助實現可見性。

Technology nowadays can simplify and optimize any business process, this means that you can have a better control on your inventory, cost reduction and mostly a better look into your competition. One of the ways in which technology helps in the supply chain is by having a real time inventory data available anytime and anywhere. This can be possible by having Radio Frequency Identification, most commonly known as RFID. This chips (RFID) and the barcodes are placed in every single product in order to track inventory in the easiest possible way.  According to article of Mihaela from 2014, using bar-coding can allow to identify and track products by simplifying the process in the logistic channel. These technologies do not offer the possibility of identifying time and place of good production or the expiration date. These problems can be solved by using RFID tags, you can obtain information of the goods stored or transportation without having physical contact with the products.  (Mihaela ?, 2014). This can help the effectiveness of the process and can easily detect if there’s a problem with any of the orders.

現在的技術可以簡化和優化任何業務流程，這意味著你可以更好地控制庫存，降低成本，并更好地了解你的競爭對手。技術在供應鏈中發揮作用的方式之一就是隨時隨地提供實時庫存數據。這可以通過使用射頻識別(RFID)來實現。這種芯片(RFID)和條形碼被放置在每一個產品中，以便以最簡單的方式跟蹤庫存。根據Mihaela 2014年的文章，使用條形碼可以通過簡化物流通道的流程來識別和跟蹤產品。這些技術不提供確定良好生產的時間和地點或到期日期的可能性。這些問題都可以通過使用RFID標簽來解決，您可以在不與產品接觸的情況下獲得貨物儲存或運輸的信息。(里面?,2014)。這可以幫助提高流程的有效性，并且可以很容易地檢測到任何訂單是否存在問題。

Information of technology in Supply Chain helps the performance in different ways. For example, having an integrated system can help achieve benefits through responding better to customer problems and requests. Another way information of technology helps the supply chain is by helping increase the sales volumes by reaching the customers directly with information of technology. Last one is that information of technology can help companies reduce their transactions costs.(Hasan Kür?at Gü et al., 2012)

Technology can also improve the communication with the customers, this communication is faster and more efficiently. The technology can give you actual and real-time access to track orders, location of specific parts worldwide or even to locate the nearest part for a customer. You can have instant feedback from your customers.

技術還可以改善與客戶的溝通，這種溝通更快、更有效。這項技術可以讓你實時地跟蹤訂單、全球特定零件的位置，甚至為客戶找到最近的零件。你可以從你的客戶那里得到即時的反饋。

The application of technologies has changed the way all of the chain’s partners interact and how they integrate with one another. One example can be the Electronic Data Interchange most commonly known as EDI. The Electronic Data Interchange facilitate real time data interchanged among the parties that are related to the supply chain. This means that there is a conduct that carries the information related to price, quality, order, logistics and inventory levels. With systems based on information of technology, the business can constantly oversee the actual levels of stock and see when they need more stock. This way the stock needs can be transferred immediately to the supplier with a EVD.

技術的應用改變了鏈上所有合作伙伴的交互方式，以及他們相互集成的方式。一個例子是電子數據交換，通常稱為EDI。電子數據交換促進了供應鏈相關各方之間的實時數據交換。這意味著存在一種攜帶與價格、質量、訂單、物流和庫存水平相關的信息的行為。有了基于技術信息的系統，企業可以不斷地監督庫存的實際水平，并看到何時需要更多的庫存。通過這種方式，庫存需求可以通過EVD立即轉移到供應商。

The implementation of information of technology in the supply chain is one of the most important activities of a business. Thanks to the leading edge on data collection, procession and the distribution, it’s easier to unite all the components in the supply chain and improve the cost, time, quality and service by using the Information of technology. To be successful and have a good relation between chain partners it is necessary to have an appropriate channel of technology, this a help the supply chain and make it easier on minimum aspects that can make a great difference.

在供應鏈中實施技術信息是企業最重要的活動之一。由于其在數據收集、處理和分發方面的領先優勢，利用信息技術可以更容易地將供應鏈中的所有組件統一起來，提高成本、時間、質量和服務。要想成功，并在供應鏈伙伴之間建立良好的關系，有必要有一個適當的技術渠道，這有助于供應鏈，并使它更容易在最小的方面，可以產生很大的不同。

It is well known that technologies will continue to grow and have disruptive breaks of new technologies but the crucial thing here is that supply chains managers keep looking ways to use technologies in the most efficient way. Sometimes this means using the same technologies but in other ways or even getting out of the current techniques and creating new ones. This means that they will require especial attention to the people they involve in the process and how they apply these technologies.

眾所周知，技術將繼續增長，并對新技術產生破壞性的突破，但關鍵的是，供應鏈管理者不斷尋找以最有效的方式使用技術的方法。有時，這意味著使用相同的技術，但以其他方式，甚至超越當前的技術，創造新的技術。這意味著他們將需要特別關注他們在過程中所涉及的人員，以及他們如何應用這些技術。

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